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41.
《Stochastic Processes and their Applications》2020,130(12):7547-7574
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Pedestrian evacuation is actually a process of behavioral evolution. Interaction behaviors between pedestrians affect not only the evolution of their cooperation strategy, but also their evacuation paths-scheduling and dynamics features. The existence of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is therefore critical for pedestrian evacuation. To address this issue, an extended cellular automaton(CA) evacuation model considering the effects of interaction behaviors and cooperation evolution is proposed here. The influence mechanism of the environment factor and interaction behaviors between neighbors on the decision-making of one pedestrian to path scheduling is focused. Average payoffs interacting with neighbors are used to represent the competitive ability of one pedestrian, aiming to solve the conflicts when more than one pedestrian competes for the same position based on a new method. Influences of interaction behaviors, the panic degree and the conflict cost on the evacuation dynamics and cooperation evolution of pedestrians are discussed. Simulation results of the room evacuation show that the interaction behaviors between pedestrians to a certain extent are beneficial to the evacuation efficiency and the formation of cooperation behaviors as well. The increase of conflict cost prolongs the evacuation time. Panic emotions of pedestrians are bad for cooperation behaviors of the crowd and have complex effects on evacuation time. A new self-organization effect is also presented. 相似文献
43.
Yuliya Terentyeva Ye. Yu. Stepanenko A. M. Rashevska P. Yu. Koval 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2020,698(1):65-77
AbstractThe results of an experimental study of luminescence of an aqueous solution of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) at room temperature are presented. High-temperature fluorescence of low- and high-concentrated solution was experimentally detected and analyzed. The shape of the fluorescence spectrum, the excited state lifetime and the temperature behavior of the emission intensity indicate the formation in the high-concentrated solution of rather stable dimer-like complexes, which can form excimer states. 相似文献
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Rocío Fonseca-Aguiaga Walter M. Warren-Vega Floriberto Miguel-Cruz Luis A. Romero-Cano 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(6)
Isotopic ratios of δ13CVPDB and δ18OVSMOW have been used as an additional parameter to ensure the authenticity of the aging time of 100% agave tequila. For this purpose, 120 samples were isotopically analyzed (40 silver class, 40 aged class, and 40 extra-aged classes). The samples were obtained through a stratified sampling by proportional allocation, considering tequila producers from the main different regions of Jalisco, Mexico (Valles 41%, Altos Sur 31%, Cienega 16%, and Centro 12%). The results showed that the δ13CVPDB was found in an average of −12.85 ‰ for all the analyzed beverages, with no significant difference between them. Since for all the tested samples the Agave tequilana Weber blue variety was used as source of sugar to obtain alcohol, those results were foreseeable, and confirm the origin of the sugar source. Instead, the results for δ18OVSMOW showed a positive slope linear trend for the aging time (silver class 19.52‰, aged class 20.54‰, extra-aged class 21.45‰), which is associated with the maturation process, there are oxidation reactions that add congeneric compounds to the beverage, these can be used as tracers for the authenticity of the aging time. Additionally, the experimental data showed homogeneity in the beverages regardless of the production region, evidencing the tequila industry’s high-quality standards. However, a particular case occurs with the δ18OVSMOW data for the silver class samples, in which a clear trend is noted with the altitude of the region of origin; therefore, this information suggests that this analytical parameter could be useful to authenticate the regional origin of beverage. 相似文献
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氟化钡(BaF2)晶体是已知响应最快的闪烁晶体,在高能物理、核物理及核医学等领域有着广泛的应用前景。抑制BaF2晶体的慢发光成分对其工程应用至关重要。本文利用坩埚下降法制备了高Y3+掺杂浓度5%、8%、10%(摩尔分数)的BaF2晶体,并采用Y3+与碱金属离子(Li+、Na+)共掺杂的方法形成电荷补偿阻止间隙F-的产生,制备了双掺杂型BaF2快响应闪烁晶体,进而基于优化的5 ns和2 500 ns时间门宽测试方法,研究了Y3+掺杂浓度以及Y3+与碱金属离子(Li+、Na+)共掺杂浓度对BaF2闪烁晶体快/慢成分比的影响规律。结果表明,生长的高浓度Y3+掺杂BaF2晶体的光学质量优异,在220 nm和300 nm处透过率分别高于90%和92%;随着Y3+掺杂浓度由0提高至10%,BaF2晶体的慢发光成分显著降低,快/慢成分比由0.15提高至1.21;生长的Y3+/Li+及Y3+/Na+共掺杂BaF2晶体的慢发光成分较Y3+掺杂BaF2晶体进一步降低,快/慢成分比最高分别可达1.63和1.61。研制的双掺杂BaF2快响应闪烁晶体有望应用于高能物理、核物理前沿实验等重要领域。 相似文献
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A purge and trap technique to capture volatile compounds combined with comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry to investigate the effect of sulfur‐fumigation on Radix Angelicae Dahuricae 下载免费PDF全文
Gang Cao Qinglin Li Jida Zhang Hao Cai Baochang Cai 《Biomedical chromatography : BMC》2014,28(9):1167-1172
Sulfur‐fumigation is known to reduce volatile compounds that are the main active components in herbs used in herbal medicine. We investigated changes in chemical composition between sun‐dried and sulfur‐fumigated Radix Angelicae Dahuricae using a purge and trap technique to capture volatile compounds, and two‐dimensional gas chromatography/time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry for identification. Using sun‐dried Radix Angelicae Dahuricae samples as a reference, the results showed that 73 volatile compounds, including 12 sulfide compounds, were found to be present only in sulfur‐fumigated samples. Furthermore, 32 volatile compounds that were found in sun‐dried Radix Angelicae Dahuricae samples disappeared after sulfur‐fumigation. The proposed method can be applied to accurately discriminate sulfur‐fumigated Radix Angelicae Dahuricae from different commercial sources. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
50.
We adopt a new approach to find Laplace transforms of joint occupation times over disjoint intervals for spectrally negative Lévy processes. The Laplace transforms are expressed in terms of scale functions. 相似文献